AB Assembly Bill

AB 90 Assembly Bill 90, the County Justice System Subvention Program, which was repealed by the 1992 realignment of human services.

AB 3121 Legislation passed in the 1970's which deinstitutionalized status offenders and criminalized some delinquents.

AB 3632Legislation which guides mental health involvement in the Individual Education Plan (IEP) required for special education students.

ACA AMERICAN CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION

ACLU AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION

ACYF Administration for Children, Youth, and Families (Federal)

Adjudicated Delinquent  A child who has been found by a judge in juvenile court to have committed a violation of the criminal law, a delinquent act. The judge can formally adjudicate the child as an initial step before imposing a disposition (a sentence or punishment), or the judge can decide not to adjudicate the child and instead impose conditions which, if met, will result in dismissal of the charges.

Adjudication Both the hearing and the outcome of a juvenile court process; adjudication hearings are also known as jurisdictional hearings or evidentiary hearings; adjudication is also the equivalent of conviction in adult court, i.e., a juvenile who has been found to have committed a delinquent or criminal act of which he/she was charged is said to be an 'adjudicated' minor. [See also Disposition]

Adjudicatory Hearing The fact-finding (trial) phase of a juvenile case when a judge receives and weighs evidence before deciding whether a delinquency or status offense has been proven beyond a reasonable doubt.

Adult Detention  The temporary care of adults in physically restricted facilities, usually referred to as jails or lockups pending court disposition or transfer to another jurisdiction or agency.

Aftercare Follow up, generally by supervision and support in the community, when a minor is released from a juvenile institution or completes a specified correctional program such as boot camp, drug treatment, etc.

AG ATTORNEY GENERAL; head of Department of Justice; both Federal and State Government have Departments of Justice and Attorney Generals.

Aggravating Factors Factors to be considered that may increase the seriousness of an offense, such as prior offenses, weapon use, heinous nature of crime, and threats to victims or witnesses.

APPA AMERICAN PROBATION AND PAROLE ASSOCIATION

Arrest An arrest is made when a law enforcement officer charges an adult with a criminal act or violation of law, and takes the adult into custody based on probable cause. A juvenile is often said to be "taken into custody' rather than arrested."

BOC BOARD OF CORRECTIONS; the agency in California government which sets standards for, provides technical assistance to and inspects city and county jails and, since 1995, juvenile halls. The BOC also sets standard for and provides technical assistance to sheriffs and probation departments relative to the hiring and training of personnel and is the agency responsible for the Juvenile Crime Enforcement and Accountability Challenge Grants per SB 1760. [See also SB 1760]

BOP BUREAU OF PRISONS; the agency of the Federal Department of Justice which runs the federal prison system.

BPT BOARD OF PRISON TERMS; the California agency which is the paroling authority for prisoners in the custody of the California Department of Corrections. [See also CDC]

Brown Act California legislation which requires certain boards and commissions to provide public notice of and access to meetings; in light of differences of opinion from one county to another. Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (JJ/DP) commissions should contact their county counsel for specific interpretation and/or direction as to whether the Brown Act applies to commission meetings in their jurisdiction.

CAO  COUNTY ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER, aka COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR, COUNTY EXECUTIVE and/or CHIEF ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER

CASA COURT APPOINTED SPECIAL ADVOCATE, aka CASA COURT APPOINTED SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE

CBO  COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATION; a non-public or non-governmental organization, usually nonprofit, which is involved in and/or provides services.

CCCJ CALIFORNIA COUNCIL ON CRIMINAL JUSTICE; the organization within the California Governor's Office of Criminal Justice (OCJP) which has authority for granting federal funds under the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA). CCCJ generally delegates the actual funding decisions to the State Advisory Group (SAG), which is mandated under the JJ/DP Act. [See also JJDPA, OCJP, and SAG]

CCCY CALIFORNIA COUNCIL ON CHILDREN AND YOUTH; State coalition of youth serving agencies, divided into five regions.

CCEC CALIFORNIA CORRECTIONS EXECUTIVES COUNCIL; A loose-knit coalition of state and local correctional administrators which meets to address problems and issues relating to corrections statewide.

CDC CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS; The department which operates state prisons and adult parole services.

CEC THE FOUNDATION FOR CONTINUING EDUCATION IN CORRECTIONS; The nonprofit foundation created by the California Probation, Parole and Correctional Association (CPPCA) to provide training and other services. [See also CPPCA)

Citation In the justice system, citation means a summons, and official notice to appear in a court and answer to a demand; a traffic ticket is a citation. When a person is arrested in some communities, the officer may give the offender a citation in lieu of placing him/her in custody in a detention facility. [See also Detention]

Community Service A sanction or order of the court which requires an offender to work at specified tasks in order to 'repay' the community for his/her delinquent or criminal acts

Complaint An oral statement, usually made to the police, charging criminal, abusive or neglectful conduct; a district attorney's document which starts a criminal prosecution; in juvenile or family court the complaint is usually called a petition; a petitioner's document which starts a civil proceeding; also the term used for a report of suspected abuse or neglect. [See also Petition]

Comprehensive Assessment The gathering of information for the evaluation of a juvenile offender's physical, psychological, educational, vocational, and social condition and family environment as these relate to the offender's need for services.

Conflict Resolution A variety of actions that all use communication skills and creative thinking to develop voluntary solutions that are acceptable to those involved in a dispute.

Continuum Of Care A broad array of juvenile justice programs and services ranging from prevention programs for young children and youth at risk of delinquency, to intervention programs serving high risk youth in secure residential settings.

COPS COMMUNITY-ORIENTED POLICING SERVICES PROGRAM: A program that trains police to work not in police stations and in squad cars, but solving problems right in and with the community; i.e., walking the streets, riding a bike or motorcycle. Officers take the time to get to know the members of the community, young and old alike, especially the children and youth. Every COPS program is different because every community is different.

CPO Chief Probation Officer; head of the county probation department [See also Probation]

CPOC CHIEF PROBATION OFFICERS OF CALIFORNIA; The association through which the Chief Probation Officers meet to address legislative and other professional issues.

CPPCA CALIFORNIA PROBATION, PAROLE AND CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION; One of the oldest and largest state professional associations for corrections in the nation, CPPCA is the organization through which corrections practitioners and others interested in adult and juvenile justice issues interact on legislation, training, research, technical assistance, and public information and education concerns. CPPCA is a resource for commissioner training and inter-commission communication through its Juvenile Justice/ Delinquency Prevention Committee.

CPS CHILD PROTECTIVE SERVICES; County agencies which are aligned with the State Department of Social Services.

CSAC CALIFORNIA STATE ASSOCIATION OF COUNTIES; the research, lobbying and advocacy organization for county government whose members include county counsels, district attorneys, members of boards of supervisors, county administrators, etc.

CSJOA CALIFORNIA STATE JUVENILE OFFICERS ASSOCIATION; an organization of law enforcement professionals working in the juvenile field.

Curfew A local ordinance that requires, under specific conditions and exceptions, a group of persons (usually juveniles under a certain age) to refrain from unsupervised activities after a designated hour within the confines of a selected area, city or county.

Custody Being in the care of a criminal justice agency or official. "Being taken into custody" in the juvenile justice system compares to being " arrested" in the criminal justice system.

Custody Hearing A court process to determine who has the rights of legal custody of a minor; custody hearings may involve one parent against the other or the parent(s) verses a social service agency.

CYA CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF THE YOUTH AUTHORITY; The state department which operates 'youth training schools' and other custody facilities and parole for juvenile offenders committed by the juvenile or adult criminal court. [See also Parole and YOPB]

Decriminalize To remove from criminal and/or juvenile codes and local ordinances, i.e., to make certain offenses, usually those which are not injurious to others nor deprive others of property, non-criminal acts. Drunkenness is such an offense; juvenile status offenses were 'decriminalized' by AB 3121. [See AB3121 and Status Offense]

Delinquency Law violations as defined specifically for persons under an established age, 18 in California; delinquency includes offenses that are crimes if committed by adults as well as status offenses; i.e. acts which are offenses only because they are committed by minors. [See also Status Offense]

Delinquency Prevention Programs Programs and service designed to keep children-at-risk from entering the juvenile justice system.

Delinquent A minor who has been adjudicated for an offense described in the state penal code (PC), Welfare and Institutions Code (WIC) or local ordinance codes.

Delinquent Act An act committed by a juvenile that would be a criminal violation if committed by an adult.

Delinquent Juvenile A child who has been found responsible for having committed a delinquent act equivalent of being found guilty of a criminal offense by a juvenile court judge, and adjudicated a delinquent.

Dependent Child A minor whom the Juvenile court, under authority of WIC Section 300, has found to be in need of proper and effective parental control, destitute, physically dangerous to the public due to mental or physical deficiency or physically abused by her/his parent(s).

Detention Held in state custody; secure, non-secure, or home confinement while awaiting and adjudication hearing, disposition, or commitment placement. Detention can also be used as "timeout" in domestic violence cases and for post-adjudicatory punishment. Also in a case of delinquency, the minor may be detained pending a trial if the detention hearing indicates that the minor may be a danger to self or others or may fail to appear for trial if released.

Detention Hearing A judicial hearing generally required to be held within 24 to 72 hours of a juvenile being taken into custody, at which the court determines whether there is probable cause to believe that the child has committed a delinquent act, or whether a court order exists that requires the continued detention of the child, and whether continued detention is required pending an adjudicatory hearing.

Disposition The order of a juvenile or family court issued at a dispositional hearing which determines whether a minor, already found to be a dependent or delinquent child, should continue in or return to the parental home or be placed out of home and in what kind of setting under what kind of supervision. Disposition in a civil or juvenile case parallels sentencing in a criminal case. [See also Adjudication]

Disposition Hearing The hearing in a juvenile case (analogous to a sentencing hearing in criminal court) at which the court receives a predisposition report containing information and recommendations to assist in determining the appropriate sanction, ranging from probation to commitment to the custody of the Department of Juvenile Justice, or for community-based sanctions.

Diversion A process by which a juvenile is channeled from the juvenile justice system to community service. This may occur at the time a juvenile is taken into law enforcement custody or at intake.

DOJ DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE; The department of federal and state government which oversees legal issues. [See also AG]

DOL DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (Federal)

DP DELINQUENCY PREVENTION

DPC DELINQUENCY PREVENTION COMMISSION; A county commission which coordinates the work of those governmental and non-governmental organizations engaged in activities to prevent juvenile delinquency. A board of supervisors may direct the Juvenile Justice Commission (JJC) to act as the Delinquency Prevention Commission and/or may create a joint Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (JJ/DP) Commission. [See also JJC and JJ/DPC]

DPO DEPUTY PROBATION OFFICER {See also CPO and Probation]

DPS DIVISION OF PROTECTIVE SERVICES, In the State Department of Social Services

DSS DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES; The state department which is responsible for welfare, licensing of group homes and other social services and which oversees county departments of social services. Sometimes referred to as Department of Human Services (DHS).

Felony A major crime as defined by the California Penal Code. [See also misdemeanor]

Foster Care Placement of a child in a family home other than that of the child's parent(s); foster parents assume the role of caring for the child and are usually paid by an agency for this service.

FP FAMILY PRESERVATION

Group Home Similar to foster care, a number of children are placed in one home or facility, which may be operated by an agency or private individual; the agency may be staffed by counselors rather than foster parents.

Guardian An adult charged lawfully with the responsibility for a child; a guardian may or may not also have custody and therefore actual care and supervision of the child.

Guidelines A guideline has neither the force or effect of a statute or standard and provides guidance to one or more ways in which jurisdictions can meet a standard(s). They may provide a further explanation of the meaning of this standard or identify issues associated with the standard. Guidelines should provide agencies the flexibility to meet a standard which best suits their needs. It is often tempting to over-regulate by placing a guideline in standards. This should be avoided whenever possible.

Guardian ad Litem An adult appointed by the court to represent the child in a judicial proceeding, especially necessary in cases of child abuse pursuant to the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act which requires that a guardian ad litem be appointed to represent the child in such proceedings.

Hearing Officer A judge or other individual who presides at a judicial proceeding; the role of judge is performed in some juvenile court hearings by referees or commissioners whose orders are issued in the name of the supervising judge. [See also Referee]

Homicide The killing of one human being by another.

Informal Supervision Applies to supervision of children who have not had a petition filed on their behalf and who will not be handled judicially in juvenile court; persons under such supervision generally must agree to the process.

Intake The process used for every child referred to juvenile court. Intake involves screening each child to determine the appropriateness for release or referral to a diversionary program or agency for non-official or non-judicial handling, or the presence of medical, psychiatric, psychological, substance abuse, educational problems, or other conditions that may have caused the child to come to the attention of law enforcement or intake. Intake also includes the initial screening of a status offender to determine the recommended action to be taken in the best interests of the child, the family, and the community.

JJC JUVENILE JUSTICE COMMISSION; County advisory committee of not less than seven citizens appointed by the Presiding Judge of the Juvenile Court, established by the Juvenile Court Law, which advises the Juvenile Court and the Probation Department and is authorized to inspect local juvenile facilities and inquire into the administration of juvenile justice in the county. [See also DPC and JJ/DPC]

JJCDPC STATE COMMISSION ON JUVENILE JUSTICE, CRIME AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION; The state equivalent of counties' JJ/DP Commissions, the JJCDPC inspects CYA facilities and advises the Director of the Youth Authority on delinquency prevention issues.

JJDPA JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION ACT OF 1974; The federal legislation which established the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) to provide funds and direction for the control and prevention of juvenile crime and delinquency. [See also OJJDP]

JJ/DPC JUVENILE JUSTICE/DELINQUENCY PREVENTION COMMISSION; county commissions which inspect local juvenile facilities and deal with other issues relating to youth in the justice system. [See also JJC and DPC]

JTPA JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP ACT; Federal legislation, through the Department of Labor (DOL) to help find employment and provide job readiness training

Judge Pro Tem A person, usually a lawyer, who is appointed to serve temporarily as a judge. [See also Hearing Officer and Referee]

Jurisdiction The limits of authority of a criminal justice agency, the legal boundaries of operation, the span of control; for the juvenile court, for example, jurisdiction rests with offenses committed by children under a specific age and in a political boundary, usually a county.

Juvenile Court Law Those sections of the California Welfare and Institutions code (WIC) which relate to juveniles, juvenile crime and delinquency and the operation of juvenile courts, aka the Arnold Kennick Juvenile court Law.

Juvenile Delinquency Program Any program or activity related to juvenile delinquency prevention, control, diversion, intervention, treatment, rehabilitation, planning, education, training and research, including drug and alcohol abuse programs; the improvement of the juvenile justice system; and any program or activity to help prevent juvenile delinquency.

Juvenile Detention The temporary care of children in physically restricted facilities, usually referred to as detention centers, pending court disposition or transfer to another jurisdiction or agency.

Juvenile Hall A secure juvenile detention facility, operated by a county probation department, generally for the short term detention of juveniles awaiting trial or adjudicated to require local custody.

Juvenile Institution The generic term for detention and/or custody facilities for juvenile offenders, aka training schools, juvenile halls, boot camps, probation camps, etc.

Law Enforcement Includes police, sheriffs, constables, marshals, state police and other peace officers mandated to protect public safety and maintain law and order.

LOC LEAGUE OF CALIFORNIA CITIES; The lobbying and advocacy organization for city government.

Lockup Generally a facility for temporary detention pending court disposition or transfer to another jurisdiction or agency.

LPS LANTERMAN-PETRIS SHORT ACT; California legislation to oversee the procedures, services and rights for involuntary commitment of mentally disordered persons, et al.

Mediation A process by which a neutral third person, called a mediator, encourages and facilitates the resolution of a dispute between two or more parties. It is an informal process aimed at helping the disputing parties reach a mutually acceptable and voluntary agreement. Decision making authority rests with the parties. The role of mediator includes but is not limited to assisting the parties in identifying issues, fostering joint problem solving, and exploring settlement alternatives.

Mentoring There many different ways to mentor, but usually it is when someone provides support and guidance to, and spends time on a regular basis with, a child going sports, playing games, shopping, taking hikes, helping with homework, doing chores.

Misdemeanor A minor offense as defined by state law and municipal ordinances, generally punishable by fine or county jail sentence of one year or less. [See also Felony]

MOU MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING; Interagency agreements which detail responsibilities and lines of authority.

NCCAN NATIONAL COUNCIL ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT

NCCD NATIONAL COUNCIL ON CRIME AND DELINQUENCY

NIC NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CORRECTIONS; A resource in the Federal Department of Justice on adult and juvenile correctional issues.

NIC/NIC NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CORRECTIONS NATIONAL INFORMATION CENTER

NISA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SENTENCING ALTERNATIVES

NNRYS NATIONAL NETWORK OF RUNAWAY AND YOUTH SERVICES

NOVA NATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR VICTIMS' ASSISTANCE

NRCYS NATIONAL RESOURCE CENTER FOR YOUTH SERVICES

OCAP OFFICE OF CHILD ABUSE PREVENTION (California)

OCJP GOVERNOR'S OFFICE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE PLANNING (California)

OJJDP OFFICE OF JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION (Federal) [See also JJDPA]

Parole The period of post release supervision for offenders completing sentences of custody in state institutions; both the California Department of Corrections (CDC), through its Parole and Community Services Division (P&CSD), and the California Department of the Youth Authority (CYA), through its Parole and Community Corrections Branch (P&CC), provide parole supervision and services. Many counties operate what they call 'county parole' or 'sheriff's parole' as a form of early release from jail; however parole is ordinarily a state function while release from local custody is generally referred to as probation. [See also CDC, CYA and Probation]

Paroling Authority The body authorized by statute to grant or revoke parole; because of California's determinate sentencing structure, the adult paroling authority is able to determine eligibility for parole only for those prisoners with indeterminate sentences. For juveniles the paroling authority actually does complete pre-parole investigations and determine eligibility for parole and rule on revocations of parole. For adults the paroling authority is the Board of Prison Terms and for juveniles, the Youthful Offender Parole Board. [See also BPT and YOPB]

PC PENAL CODE; California's criminal law.

Petition The legal document used by juvenile courts to specify the details of an alleged delinquent act; petitions are said to be filed on behalf of a child.

PIC PRIVATE INDUSTRY COUNCIL; The local entity which operationalizes the JTPA

PJ PRESIDING JUDGE

POST PEACE OFFICERS STANDARDS AND TRAINING COMMISSION; sets standards for and provides technical assistance in the training of non-correctional peace officers. [See BOC and STC for training of correctional peace officers]

Probation Probation is a punishment ordered by a court whereby the convicted adult or adjudicated juvenile is permitted to remain in the community subject to conditions specified by the court which usually include a requirement that the person report to a probation officer, stay drug and alcohol free, not associate with other convicted persons, etc. Probation supervision may also include drug testing and/or treatment, electronic monitoring, a period of confinement in a jail or juvenile facility, restitution, community service and/or assignment to other programs or punishment options as determined necessary by the probation officer or sentencing judge.

Probation Department The county department which conducts pre-hearing or pre-sentence investigations, supervises probationers, operates juvenile halls and camps for adjudicated juvenile offenders and makes recommendations regarding modifications of probation conditions, revocations and discharge. Each California county has a probation department which supervises adults and juveniles, with the exception of San Francisco, which has separate adult and juvenile probation departments. [See also CPO, DPO and Parole]

Protective Custody Emergency measure taken to detain a child, until a written detention request can be filed, generally to separate the child from a harmful or dangerous family or other situation. Protective custody is also sometimes known as emergency custody. [See also Custody and Detention]

Protective Factors Research tells us that there are three categories of protective factors that help to reduce the impact of risk factors in a young person's life. These are personal characteristics, positive adult relationships, and healthy beliefs or clear standards of conduct.

Public Offense An offense described in the Penal Code, Welfare and Institutions Code or in local ordinances. [See also Felony and Misdemeanor]

RCAC REGIONAL CITIZENS ADVISORY COMMITTEES. Headquartered in California Youth Authority (CYA) regional offices, they advise the Youth Authority on all juvenile justice issues in their region

Recidivism This is the justice system's term for failing to be 'corrected' by the correctional system; committing another offense and returning to the juvenile or criminal justice system after completing a sentence or correctional intervention.

Recidivist A repeat offender; a child's second referral to a juvenile court makes him/her a recidivist; an adult's second arrest makes him/her a recidivist.

Referee A court officer whose principal functions are to act as a hearing officer, to reduce testimony to findings of fact and to make recommendations as to the disposition of cases. A referee's recommendation may be modified, and approved or disapproved by the judge, but when approved or modified it becomes the order of the court.

Region IX The one of the 20 federal planning regions for OJJDP and DOJ grants in which California is included, along with Arizona, Nevada, Hawaii and the Outer Pacific.

Regulations Regulations are administratively established and may or may not be mandatory. They implement the statutes that authorize their existence and specify the general parameters that must/should be met but, in the Board's philosophy, should not dictate to those regulated how to meet them. In the case of jail regulations they have been generally determined to be advisory thus do not technically have the force of law. An exception would be for food, bedding, and clothing as set forth in Penal Code Section 4015. Standards that affect juvenile facilities are also advisory except for the provisions of Section 885 of the Welfare and Institutions Code which affect juvenile homes, ranches, camps or forestry camps. A third exception to the advisory nature of regulations occurs when state funding is available for construction of facilities. Statutes require that facilities constructed utilizing state funds meet all physical plant requirements.

There are two basic types of standards that are placed in regulations:

Prescriptive Standards: There are standards that specify what is required and provide the sole means of compliance by stating the measures or actions by which they will be met.

Performance Standards: These describe the objective and provide criteria for achieving the objective. They indicate what is required without directing the jurisdiction on how they will be implemented, thus allowing for greater flexibility in addressing the objective.

Remand The act of waiving or transferring a juvenile to adult court, generally per WIC Section 707(b), (d) or (e). [See also Transfer or Waiver]

Residential Treatment Center Generally a small, non-custody oriented institution or facility which provides treatment and/or programs for special groups of offenders.

Restitution Usually an order of the court requiring a defendant to pay into the State Victim Restitution Fund and/or pay back or repair damages to the property of a victim or victims or to perform services to the community. [See also Community Service]

RFP Request for proposal, as for grants or contracts for service

RHYA RUNAWAY AND HOMELESS YOUTH ACT (Federal)

Risk Factors Research tells us that certain problem behaviors present risk factors, for example availability of drugs and firearms in the community, family conflict, friends who engage in problem behaviors, in a young person's life that may contribute to later delinquency. These risk factors fall within four categories: community, family, school, and individual/peer.ROR RELEASE ON OWN RECOGNIZANCE, aka OR (own recognizance release), by which a defendant is screened to determine if he/she can be released from jail pending trial without putting up bail.

SAG STATE ADVISORY GROUP ON JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION; The body which reviews proposals and awards grants of monies per the JJDPA. [See also CCCJ, JJDPA and OCJP]

SARB SCHOOL ATTENDANCE REVIEW BOARD; disciplinary panels constituted to meet with and impose sanctions on students who are truant and their parents.

SB Senate Bill

Short Doyle Act California legislation to fund and operationalize locally administered mental health programs for mentally disordered individuals.

Status Offense A non-criminal violation which is peculiar to children/minors, i.e., an offense which would not be a crime except for the status (age) of the offender, such as truancy, being beyond control of parental authority, being a runaway, etc. [See also WIC Section 601 and Delinquency]

Statutes As used in our definition, a statute is a law passed by a legislative body and set forth in a formal document. In our reference the juvenile laws are generally contained in the Welfare and Institutions Code and jail laws are found generally in the Penal Code. Statutes set forth requirements that must be met by those they impact and have the force of law.

An example of such a statute is Section 6030 of the Penal Code which requires the Board of Corrections to establish standards for local detention facilities. It specifies the minimum areas the Board must consider when establishing these regulations and what agencies must be consulted.

STC STANDARDS AND TRAINING FOR CORRECTIONS PROGRAM operated by the California Board of Corrections for local correctional peace officers such as probation officer, juvenile hall counselors, jail deputies and correctional officers. [See also BOC and POST]

TANF TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE TO NEEDY FAMILIES; A time limited public welfare payment program established by the State/Federal block grant to help children who are in need because of the death, continued absence from home, or incapacity of unemployment of their parents.

TITLE XX A title of the Social Security Act providing assistance to states.-- federal

TITLE IVB Child Welfare Services Amendment to Social Security Act.-- federal

TITLE IVE Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980 -- federal

Transfer to Adult Court A decision, either forced by the WIC or Penal Code or determined by the juvenile court judge after a hearing, to relinquish jurisdiction and permit a juvenile to be tried as an adult in a criminal court. [See also Remand and Waiver]

Treatment Rehabilitative approaches used to effect a change from unacceptable to acceptable behaviors.

Truant A young person who is absent from school without permission or authorization.

Victimization The result of a planned or accidental act that causes physical or psychological harm.

Violent Crime rimes of violence include rape, robbery, assault, or murder.

Waiver Another word for Transfer to Adult Court, aka Remand

Ward A juvenile under the jurisdiction of the Juvenile Court pursuant to a finding of delinquency, aka ward of the court; juveniles in county juvenile halls, camps or ranches or CYA facilities are referred to as wards rather than prisoners.

WCA WESTERN CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION

WIC WELFARE AND INSTITUTIONS CODE; California laws which include, among other things, the Juvenile Court Law, aka the Arnold Kennick Juvenile Court Law, which provides for the protection and safety of the public and each minor under the jurisdiction of the juvenile court.

WSYSN WESTERN STATES YOUTH SERVICES NETWORK

YACA YOUTH AND ADULT CORRECTIONAL AGENCY; the Cabinet level agency in California which oversees the Department of Corrections, Department of the Youth Authority, Board of Prison Terms, Youthful Offender Parole Board, Board of Corrections and Prison Industry Authority.

YDB YOUTH DEVELOPMENT BUREAU --federal, part of ACYF

YOPB YOUTHFUL OFFENDER PAROLE BOARD; determines program and parole status for wards in the California Department of the Youth Authority (CYA). [See also CYA and Parole]YSB Youth Service Bureau